Research - General Body Composition

The loss of muscle mass is a defining characteristic of malnutrition, and there is ongoing interest in the assessment of lean tissue at the bedside. Globally, bioimpedance techniques have been widely appreciated for their noninvasiveness, safety, ease of use, portability, and relatively low cost compared with other clinically available methods. In this brief update, we review the 3 primary types of commercially available bioimpedance devices (single- and multiple-frequency and spectroscopy) and differentiate the underlying theory and current applications of each.

The evidence on the associations of cardiorespiratory fitness, body adiposity and sports participation with arterial stiffness in children and adolescents with chronic diseases or physical disabilities is limited.

Hemiparetic stroke leads to structural and metabolic alterations of skeletal muscle tissue, thereby contributing to functional impairment associated with stroke. In situ metabolic processes at tissue level in skeletal muscle have not been investigated. We hypothesize that muscular metabolic capacity is limited after hemiparetic stroke, and that changes affect rather the paretic than non-paretic limb.

hanges in body weight in HCV patients on interferon therapy are well established. However, these are not reported extensively in patients from developing societies, where the infection may have different dimensions. Also, most of the previous studies reported changes in body weight only but not in other compartments of body composition, which have numerous clinical implications. We, therefore, prospectively investigated these changes in current study.

The present study was aimed to assess body composition in young women with primary dysmenorrhea (PD). Healthy unmarried female volunteers (30 with primary dysmenorrhea and 30 eumenorrheic (control) ), in the age group of 18-25 years, having regular 28-32 days menstrual cycle were enrolled.

International Journal of Health Sciences & Research 2015, Vol. 5, Issue 7

Kiran Singh, Divya Srivastava, Rajesh Misra, Mamta Tyagi

The present study was aimed to assess body composition in young women with primary dysmenorrhea  (PD). Healthy unmarried female volunteers (30 with primary dysmenorrhea and 30 eumenorrheic  (control) ), in the age group of 18-25 years, having regular 28-32 days menstrual cycle were enrolled. Anthropometric measurements such as height, weight, waist and hip circumferences were measured.  Body mass index (BMI), waist-hip ratio (WHR), percent body fat (BF%), lean mass, total body water (TBW) and fat-free-mass index (FFMI) were estimated by multi-frequency bioelectrical impedance  technique using Body Stat Quad-Scan 4000 in menstrual , follicular and luteal phases. Total body weight,  BMI, WHR and BF% were higher while lean mass, TBW and FFMI were found to be lower in dysmenorrheic subjects when compared with eumenorrheic females, but the differences were not statistically significant (P >0.05). No significant (P >0.05) differences were found in change in body  composition among all the phases of the menstrual cycle in both groups. Also, dysmenorrhea was not significantly correlated with BMI and body fat percent.

Download paper - Relationship between Primary Dysmenorrhea and Body Composition Parameters in Young Females

Measurement of body composition is an important part of any assessment of health or fitness. Hydrostatic weighing is generally accepted as the most reliable method for the measurement of body fat content, but is inconvenient. Electrical impedance analysers have recently been proposed as an alternative to the measurement of skinfold thickness. Both these latter methods are convenient, but give values based on estimates obtained from population studies. This study compared values of body fat content obtained by hydrostatic weighing, skinfold thickness measurement and electrical impedance on 50 (28 women, 22 men) healthy volunteers

Our purpose was to evaluate accuracy of multifrequency bioelectrical impedance analysis (MFBIA) using air displacement plethysmography (ADP) as the criterion measure. Body composition of 27 women was assessed by ADP followed immediately by MFBIA.

The study aimed to establish the effects of age, gender and age-gender interactions on BMI-% fat relationships over a wide range of BMI and age. It also aimed to examine controversies regarding linear or curvilinear BMI-% fat relationships.

It has been proven that low and high body mass index (BMI) values increase health risks and mortality, and are associated with variations in fat-free mass (FFM) and body fat mass (BF). Fat-free mass index (FFMI; kg/m²) and body fat mass index (BFMI; kg/m²) however are better measures of body composition. FFMI and BFMI being age-, sex- and population-specific, are more exact and informative measures. The purpose of this pilot study was to determine FFMI and BFMI values in subjects with normal, overweight, and obese BMI in Austria.

This study was undertaken to assess the comparability of body water compartment estimates in healthy volunteers using single and dual frequency BIA with established reference methods of tritium and NaBr dilution.